Editing Sacrifice

A '''sacrifice''' is an offering or act of propitiation (atonement)

* a sacred or ritual offering
* from Latin ''sacri'' (sacred) + ''facere'' "to make, to do"
** from PIE root '''*dhe-''' "to set, put"
** thus "make done"
* as opposed to ''sacrare'', which means "to make sacred", sacrifice is a sacred offering not an act of making holy unto itself

Per [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/510/ CCC 2099]<blockquote>It is right to offer sacrifice to God as a sign of adoration and gratitude, supplication and communion: "Every action done so as to cling to God in communion of holiness, and thus achieve blessedness, is a true sacrifice."<ref>The quotation is from St. Augustine</ref></blockquote>

== Jesus Christ is the perfect and only complete sacrifice ==
From [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/388/ CCC 1545]:<blockquote>The redemptive sacrifice of Christ is unique, accomplished once for all;

yet it is made present in the Eucharistic sacrifice of the Church. The same is true of the one priesthood of Christ; it is made present through the ministerial priesthood without diminishing the uniqueness of Christ's priesthood: "Only Christ is the true priest, the others being only his ministers."</blockquote>

== Types of Christ's sacrifice in the Old Testament ==
Christ's sacrifice is prefigured in the Old Testament, including
* Abel's offering
** as opposed to Cain's which was inadequate
* Noah's burnt offerings after the Flood
* Passover
** the unblemished lamb 
* Abraham
** offers Isaac, his son

* Isaiah 53 and the "suffering servant"
* Gideon's sacrifice 
Also,

* the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur)
** when the high priest would enter the inner temple, the Holy of Holies, and offer a sacrifice for the sins of Israel

== Old Testament or "Old Temple" sacrifice ==
Old Testament, Israelite sacrifices were called "korban" (a noun)

* the Hebrew qrb (קרב) means "be near"
** is related to Akkadian (Ancient Middle East) ''qribtu'', for "act of offering"
** thus near to God through a sacrifice to him

{| class="wikitable"
|+Types of Old Testament Sacrifices
|<center>'''Burnt offerings'''<br>
(o''lah'' for holocaust)</center>
|
* sacrifice of thanks & devotion, as well as for atonement
* the animal is not consumed = for God alone
* the sacrificial victim is an “unblemished” animal (see Gn 4:4)
** the blood was sprinkled around the altar
** the animal skin was given to the priest
** the rest of the  animal consumed by fire
* the smoke = “pleasing aroma” for God ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/leviticus/1:9 Lv 1:9])
** the smoke “sanctified” (make holy) the altar
|-
|<center>'''Grain offerings'''<br>
(''minchah'' for gift)</center>
|
* grain offerings usually in the form of bread

* may also be wine (“fruit of the earth”)
* a handful of flour or oil is used for a burnt as offering
** the rest is consumed by the priests
|-
|<center>'''Peace or Slaughter offerings'''<br>
(''shelamim'' for peace & prosperity)</center>
|
* sacrifice of thanksgiving
* the animal is slaughtered and consumed
* the fat of the animal is burnt as offering the best portion to God
* the priests received the breast or shoulder; 
** the offerer received the rest for consumption that day or the next
|-
|<center>'''Sin & Trespass offerings'''<br>
(''chatat'' for sin from “to miss or to err”; ''asham''  for guilt)</center>
|
* sin offerings could  be an animal or grain

* for atonement of unintentional sins
** which could be for the entire nation of Israel
* “guilt” or “trespass” offerings” were for intentional sin and required reparation 
** i.e, repayment for harm done (see [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/leviticus/7?2 Lv 7:2])
|-
|<center>'''Notes on Passover and the  Passover Lamb'''</center>
|
* from [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/exodus/12 Exodus Ch. 12]

* the “lamb” is a  1 year old sheep or goat

* and must be  “without blemish”
* the lamb is slaughtered, the blood applied to the doorposts & lintels 
** lintel = supporting beam at top of the door
** no foreigner is to eat of the offering
* the blood marks the houses that Angel of God will “pass over” when taking the first born males of Egypt ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/exodus/12:27 Ex 12:27])
** the blood is to be applied with a “hyssop” plant
** which was used to give Jesus wine on the Cross (see [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/19:29 Jn 19:29])
|}
<references />
[[Category:Catechism of the Catholic Church]]
[[Category:Bible]]