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Heresy: Difference between revisions

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== Medieval age ==
== Medieval age ==
=== Cathars, Waldensians & the Medieval Inquisition ===
* The Cathar movement grew In the 1140s in Southern France, and the Waldensians around 1170 in northern Italy and Germany
** Catharism was gnostic dualistic, in that it saw the universe as a battle between Good (spiritual) and Evil (material), and was thus polytheistic
** the Albigensian Crusade defeated Cathar armies and the movement generally
* Waldensianism was a movement that denied the priesthood, holding that all Christians were among the "priesthood of all believers"
** as such, the Walendsians denied the Sacraments and the Church itself
* the inquisitions to combat these heretical movements were designed to halt mob violence and to bring an orderly judicial process to their accusations
** as well as to combat abuses of inquisitors by making them responsible to Church heirarchy
* during this time, if a person was found heretical and unrepentant, they were handed over to civil authorities who had the authority to execute them


== Late Medieval & Enlightenment ==
== Late Medieval & Enlightenment ==
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* Pius IX and X warned of the dangers of modernism
* Pius IX and X warned of the dangers of modernism


== Heretical religions ==
== Heresy in worldwide religions ==
While not "heretical movements," these main, worldwide religions share beliefs with Catholicism but disagree in such ways as to be heretical to Catholic faith
While not "heretical movements," these main, worldwide religions share beliefs with Catholicism but disagree in such ways as to contradict Catholic faith:


=== Islam ===
=== Islam ===
* rejects Christ as God
* rejects Christ as God
* sees God as entirely one being, thus no persons of the Father, Son or Holy Spirit
* this view creates the problem of man's relationship to God as that of purely master and servant
* Islam grew out of Arabian culture and traditional religions mixed with elements of Judaism and Christianity


=== Judaism ===
=== Judaism ===
* reject Christ as Messiah and God
* rejects Christ as Messiah and God
** sees the coming Messiah as a man, like Saul or David (both called "Messiah" in the OT)
* has notions of the "spirit" but no explicit formulation of the Holy Spirit
* while over the history of the Christian Church, there has been persecution of Jews, the Catholic Church never considered Jews heretical
** the most common example of persecution of the Jews is that of the Spanish Inquisition
*** however


=== Mormonism ===
=== Mormonism ===
* essentially polytheistic, and therefore extremely problematic as regards Christ
* has non-Biblical beliefs such as "saints" (members of the Mormon church) as gods (polytheism)
* has non-Biblical beliefs such as "saints" (members of the Mormon church) as gods (polytheism)


=== Protestantism ===
=== Protestantism ===
* especially in the early period of the protestant movement was seen as not merely schismatic but heretical
* Protestantism's core belief lies in '''sola scriptura''<nowiki/>' and '<nowiki/>''sola fide''<nowiki/>', which hold that
* French protestants, for example, the Huguenots, were persecuted for heresy
** the only authority for Church dogma lies in the text of the Bible itself
*** for this reason, Luther, for example, discarded the Dueteronomical books that contradicted his positions on Purgatory, the Saints, etc.
** belief alone leads to savlation ("justification by faith alone")
*** which thereby negates the need for the Priesthood and the Sacraments
* various modern Protestant churches may reject core Catholic beliefs of
* various modern Protestant churches may reject core Catholic beliefs of
** Sacraments of Confirmation, Priestly Ordination, and the Eucharist
** Sacraments of Confirmation, Priestly Ordination, and the Eucharist
** the Real Presence of Christ at Mass, especially in the Eucharist
** the Real Presence of Christ at Mass, especially in the Eucharist
** Saints
** the Saints
** Church tradition
** Church tradition and accumulated wisdom through thinkers, Saints, and tradition
* especially in its early period, protestant movements were seen as not merely schismatic but heretical
** French protestants, for example, the Huguenots, were persecuted for heresy
** as protestant churches were given official sanction by local rulers, especially in Germany, the movement became political, thus leading to wars such as the Thirty Years War, which was a political as much as a religious war


== Sources ==
== Sources ==